Stainless Steel 304 vs 4140 Alloy Steel for CNC Parts

304 stainless steel provides corrosion resistance without coatings, ideal for food, medical, and chemical environments. 4140 alloy steel offers higher strength and hardenability at lower cost for industrial machinery where coatings are acceptable.

Side-by-Side Property Comparison

PropertyStainless Steel 304Alloy Steel 4140
Tensile Strength515 MPa (75 ksi)655 MPa (95 ksi)
Yield Strength205 MPa (30 ksi)415 MPa (60 ksi)
Hardness201 HB197 HB
Density8.00 g/cm³7.85 g/cm³
Machinability Rating45/10066/100
Thermal Conductivity16.2 W/m·K42.6 W/m·K
Melting Point1,400–1,450 °C1,416–1,460 °C
Tolerance±0.01 mm±0.01 mm

Key Differences

PropertyStainless Steel 304Alloy Steel 4140Winner
Corrosion ResistanceExcellent (no coating)Poor (needs coating)Stainless
Tensile Strength515 MPa655 MPaAlloy
Machinability45/10066/100Alloy
Through-HardenableNoYesAlloy
Material Cost~$2.50/lb~$1.00/lbAlloy
Maintenance CostLow (no rust)Higher (coating needed)Stainless

Which Material Should You Choose?

Choose Stainless Steel 304 when:

  • Corrosive environments
  • Food and medical equipment
  • Parts where coatings are impractical
  • Marine applications
  • Chemical processing
View Details Stainless Steel 304

Choose Alloy Steel 4140 when:

  • High-strength structural parts
  • Shafts and gears (with coatings)
  • Cost-sensitive projects
  • Hardened and ground components
  • Industrial machinery
View Details Alloy Steel 4140

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